This project involves creating a scale model of the solar system, focusing on either the relative sizes of the planets or the distances between them. It's a challenging but rewarding way to grasp the immense scale of our cosmic neighborhood.
If a scale model of the solar system is created, then it will visually demonstrate the enormous differences in size between the planets and the vast, empty spaces that separate them, which are difficult to comprehend from numbers alone.
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Research the diameters of the Sun and the eight planets.
Choose a scale for your model. For example, 1 cm = 10,000 km. This is a 'size' model.
Calculate the scaled-down diameter of each planet and the Sun.
Find objects (balls, beads, etc.) that match your calculated sizes, or create them from clay.
Paint the planets to resemble their real-life appearance.
Alternatively, create a 'distance' model. Research the average distance of each planet from the Sun.
Choose a scale for distance, for example, 1 meter = 1 astronomical unit (AU).
Measure out the scaled distances on a long string or in a large open field.
Place your planet models at the correct distances from your Sun model.
Create a poster with all your data, calculations, and interesting facts about each planet.
Students will find it impossible to create a single model that accurately represents both the sizes of the planets and the distances between them to the same scale. A size model will show the gas giants Jupiter and Saturn dwarfing the terrestrial planets. A distance model will reveal the immense emptiness of space, with the planets being tiny specks separated by vast distances.
The chosen scale for the model (either for size or distance).
The calculated sizes and positions of the planets in the model.
The actual astronomical data used for the calculations.
Be careful when using sharp objects like scissors. If creating a distance model outdoors, be aware of your surroundings.
Display your model of the planets (size model) or a map of your distance model.
Use a large poster to present your calculations and scale.
Engage the audience by asking them to guess the relative sizes or distances before you reveal your model.
The distances between planets are so much larger than the sizes of the planets themselves that if you made a model with the planets large enough to see, the distances would be enormous (miles long). If you scaled the distances to fit in a room, the planets would be microscopic.
An astronomical unit is the average distance from the Earth to the Sun, which is about 93 million miles (150 million kilometers). It is a convenient unit for measuring distances within our solar system.
No, the orbits of the planets are not perfect circles. They are slightly oval-shaped paths called ellipses, with the Sun at one of the focal points of the ellipse.
